Draw API

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Revision as of 16:40, 6 March 2014 by Gionatan (talk | contribs) (→‎Drawing a clock)
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The Draw API allows to create graphics through various drawing instruction. These instructions are grouped together (separated as semicolons) and set as the value of the draw UI attribute of any image object.

E.g. The following instructions: 

fill('150,150,150');rectangle(10,10,100,100,red,green);line(10,10,110,110,black);

can be drawn from the events environment withe the following line of code: 

uiset myimage.draw = "fill('150,150,150');rectangle(10,10,100,100,red,green);line(10,10,110,110,black);"


In any of the functions, the coordinates of the top left pixel are 0,0.

Functions

Arc

arc(x, y, w, h, start, extent, type, border_color, fill_color)

Draws an arc. Parameters:

  • x: the x coordinate of the upper-left corner of the arc's framing rectangle
  • y: the y coordinate of the upper-left corner of the arc's framing rectangle
  • w: the overall width of the full ellipse of which this arc is a partial section
  • h: the overall height of the full ellipse of which this arc is a partial section
  • start: the starting angle of the arc in degrees
  • extent: the angular extent of the arc in degrees
  • type: the closure type for the arc: "open", "chord" or "pie"
  • border_color: see the note below
  • fill_color: see the note below

Ellipse

ellipse(x, y, w, h, border_color, fill_color)

Draws an ellipse or a circle. Parameters:

  • x: the x coordinate of the upper-left corner of the ellipse's framing rectangle
  • y: the y coordinate of the upper-left corner of the ellipse's framing rectangle
  • w: the overall width of the ellipse
  • h: the overall height of the ellipse
  • border_color: see the note below
  • fill_color: see the note below

Fill

fill(color)

Fills the whole area with given color. Parameters:

Image

image(file, x, y)

Parameters:

  • file: the full pathname, relative to the HSYCO home directory
  • x: the x coordinate of the location where the String should be rendered - y: the y coordinate of the location where the String should be rendered

Line

line(x1, y1, x2, y2, ...., color)

Draws a sequence of connected lines - x1: X axis coordinate of first point Parameters:

  • y1: Y axis coordinate of first point
  • x2: X axis coordinate of second point
  • y2: Y axis coordinate of second point
  • xN: X axis coordinate of N-th point
  • yN: Y axis coordinate of N-th point
  • color: see the note below

Rectangle

rectangle(x, y, w, h, border_color, fill_color)

Parameters:

  • x: the x coordinate of the upper-left corner of the rectangle
  • y: the y coordinate of the upper-left corner of the rectangle
  • w: the width of the rectangle
  • h: the height of the rectangle
  • border_color: see the note below
  • fill_color: see the note below

Spline

spline(x1, y1, x2, y2, ...., color)

draws a natural cubic spline interpolation of a sequence of points - x1: X axis coordinate of first point Parameters:

  • y1: Y axis coordinate of first point
  • x2: X axis coordinate of second point
  • y2: Y axis coordinate of second point
  • xN: X axis coordinate of N-th point
  • yN: Y axis coordinate of N-th point
  • color: see the note below

String

string(text, x, y, font, style, size, color)

Parameters:

  • text: quoted text
  • x: the x coordinate of the location where the String should be rendered - y: the y coordinate of the location where the String should be rendered - font: font name, like “arial”, “helvetica”, “courier” etc.
  • style: “bold”, “italic”, or “bolditalic”
  • color: see the note below

Stroke

stroke(w)

Set the stroke width for all subsequent drawing commands. Parameters:

  • w: the width of the stroke


A color can be set using:
  • an RGB comma separated numeric notation (delimited by quotes), with values from 0 to 255 (for example, "255,0,0" is red)
  • an RGBA comma separated numeric notation (delimited by quotes), with values from 0 to 255 for R,G and B and from 0 to 100 for the alpha channel (for example, "255,0,0,50" is red with 50% alpha)
  • color names. The valid names are: black, blue, cyan, darkgray, gray, lightgray, green, magenta, orange, pink, red, white, yellow, transparent.

Examples

Drawing a pie chart

In this example we're going to draw a pie chart with three slices of 45°, 90° and 225°. Keep in mind that for the arc function, 0° is the the rightmost point of the circle, and that from the starting point arcs are drawn in an anti-clockwise direction.

Draw Pie Chart.png

Let's describe the instructions we're going to use:

  • fill('230,230,250') - Fill the background with the specified color
  • stroke(5) - Set the line width for the pie's border to 5 pixels
  • arc(10,10,280,280,0,360,pie,black,yellow); - draw a background yellow circle
  • stroke(0) - Draw no border on the slices
  • arc(10,10,280,280,0,45,pie,black,red) - draw the first slice from 0° to 45° in red
  • arc(10,10,280,280,45,90,pie,black,green); - draw the second slice from 45° to 135° in green

There's no need to draw the third slice, since we already have a yellow background circle.

The line of code in java or javascript: 

uiSet("myimage","draw","fill('230,230,250');stroke(5);arc(10,10,280,280,0,360,pie,black,yellow);
stroke(0);arc(10,10,280,280,0,45,pie,black,red);arc(10,10,280,280,45,90,pie,black,green);")

Drawing a clock

In this example we're going to draw a working clock in javascript from the events environment.

Draw Clock.png

In the following code, we declare two functions in the init event that are used to draw the clock. On the time event, which occurs every minute, we call the drawClock function, which returns a string with the instructions needed to draw a clock, and then set it with a uiset.

To try the example, paste this code in event.txt and from the Project Editor create a project with an image object with id "myimage" and size 300x300 pixels. 

init : {
	// get position from angle and radius
	function getPos(angle,radius) {
		var radians = (angle-90)*Math.PI/180;
		return {x: radius * Math.cos(radians), y: radius * Math.sin(radians)}
	}

	// given the position, size and font size in pixels
	// returns a string with the instructions needed to draw a clock
	function drawClock(x,y,size,fontSize) {
		var v,p,s;

		var d = new Date();
		var m = d.getMinutes()/60; // minutes 0..1
		var h = (d.getHours()%12)/12; // hours 0..1

		// center point x and y
		var cx = x+Math.round(size/2);
		var cy = y+Math.round(size/2);

		// background
		v = "stroke(0);ellipse("+x+","+y+","+size+","+size+",black,'255,255,255,50');";

		// numbers
		for (var i=1; i<=12; i++) {
			p = getPos(i*30,size*.48-fontSize*.5);
			v += "string('"+(i<7?' '+i:i)+"',";
			v += Math.round(cx+p.x-fontSize*.5)+","+Math.round(cy+p.y+fontSize*.35);
			v += ",helvetica,normal,"+fontSize+",black);";
		}

		// hours line
		p = getPos((h+m/10)*360,size*.22);
		s = (size/42);
		v += "stroke("+s+");line("+cx+","+cy+",";
		v += Math.round(cx + p.x)+",";
		v += Math.round(cy + p.y)+",";
		v += "black);";

		// minutes line
		p = getPos(m*360,size*.37);
		s = (size/75);
		v += "stroke("+s+");line("+cx+","+cy+",";
		v += Math.round(cx + p.x)+",";
		v += Math.round(cy + p.y)+",";
		v += "black);";

		// cap
		s = Math.round(size/15);
		var hs = Math.round(s/2);
		v += "stroke(0);ellipse("+(cx-hs)+","+(cy-hs)+","+s+","+s+",black,black);";

		return v;
	}
}

time : {
	// get the instructions to draw a clock
	var v = drawClock(0,0,280,29);
	// uiset of the draw attribute
	uiSet("myimage","draw",v);
}
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